THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF SALMONID TAGGING STUDIES IN THE COLUMBIA BASIN VOLUME XXIII Effects of Array Configuration on Statistical Independence of Replicated Telemetry Arrays used in Smolt Survival Studies
نویسنده
چکیده
Mark-recapture studies in the Columbia basin often use closely spaced replicated telemetry arrays to estimate the probability of detecting transmitters. Using this approach, detection probabilities are estimated with the Lincoln-Petersen single mark-recapture model. The primary assumption of this model is that telemetry arrays are statistically independent, but often it is unclear how to assess the independence of telemetry arrays. In this report, we define and assess statistical independence of four different array configurations where each configuration consists of a different pair of detection zones. We found that the minimum criterion for ensuring independence among telemetry arrays is to implement one array with a detection zone that encompasses the entire fish passage zone through a volume of water (we assumed the fish passage zone consisted of the entire water column). Given this criterion is satisfied, the replicate arrays will be independent even when the second array does not completely encompass the entire water column. Arrays were not independent under scenarios where neither array encompassed the entire water column. Lack of independence introduced bias into estimates of detection probabilities, and the bias was either positive or negative depending on the nature of the array configuration. We found that the magnitude of bias may be substantial under realistic array configurations and show how bias in detection probabilities can introduce bias into biological parameters such as survival probabilities. When lack of independence between arrays has occurred in a field study, it is difficult to remove the bias or even estimate its magnitude. Thus, prior to conducting a study it is critical to design replicate arrays to achieve independence and to map detection zones to ensure independence.
منابع مشابه
THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF SALMONID TAGGING STUDIES IN THE COLUMBIA BASIN VOLUME XXIV A Statistical Critique of Estimating Salmon Escapement in the Pacific Northwest
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